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Squalene
AKA “111-02-4, Spinacene, trans-Squalene, All-trans-Squalene, (6E, 10E, 14E, 18E)-2, 6, 10, 15, 19, 23-hexamethyltetracosa-2, 14, 18, 22-hexaene, Spinacen, Nikko Squalane EX, Super Squalene, 2, 23-Hexamethyl-2, 22-tetracosahexaene”
Synthetic
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Ingredient Facts
Squalene
AKA: 111-02-4, Spinacene, Trans-Squalene, All-trans-Squalene, (6E, 10E, 14E, 18E)-2, 6, 10, 15, 19, 23-hexamethyltetracosa-2, 14, 18, 22-hexaene, Spinacen, Nikko Squalane EX, Super Squalene, 2, 23-Hexamethyl-2, 22-tetracosahexaene
Synthetic · Emollient · EWG: 4
Synthetic
Emollient
Skin Conditioner
Plant Oil
Barrier Lipid
Synthetic
Not Clean
Squalene is originally obtained from shark liver oil. It is a natural 30-carbon isoprenoid compound and intermediate metabolite in the synthesis of cholesterol. It is not susceptible to lipid peroxidation and provides skin protection. It is ubiquitously distributed in human tissues where it is transported in serum generally in association with very low density lipoproteins. Squalene is investigated as an adjunctive cancer therapy.
Effective at 5.5%
Solubility less than 1 mg/mL at 66 °F (NTP, 1992)
Formula
C30H50
Mol. Weight
410.70
CAS #
111-02-4
State
Trans-squalene is a clear, slightly yellow liquid with a faint odor. Density 0.858 g / cm3.
See origin →
Functions
Emollient
Fills in the tiny cracks between skin cells to make everything feel smooth and soft. The "silky finish" ingredient.
Skin Conditioning
A catch-all term for ingredients that improve how skin looks and feels — softer, smoother, more supple. The workhorse behind most moisturizers.
Reduces Static
Conditions Hair
Refatting
Conditions Skin
Traditional Use
Unable to provide traditional use description without a valid INCI or common name; this appears to be a CAS number without corresponding ingredient information.
Skin Types
●all-skin-types
Best For
General
EWG
4
CIR
Insufficient
Pregnancy
—
CIR Safety Findings
Not a Sensitizer
all-shades-safe
Concentration Guide
1.0%
10.0%
0%14%
Effective Range
CIR reported use: .004-1.2 | .01-10
Regulatory Status
USAunder review
CANADA✔ permitted
Regulatory Agencies
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Squalene Synthase Deficiency.
Adam MP, Bick S, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE et al.
, 1993
→
Final Report on the Safety Assessment of Squalane and Squalene
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel
International Journal of Toxicology
→
Squalane and Squalene
Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel
International Journal of Toxicology
→
Vitamin C-squalene bioconjugate promotes epidermal thicke...
R Gref, C Deloménie, A Maksimenko, E Gouadon, G Percoco, E Lati + 3 more
Scientific reports, 2020
→
Biological and pharmacological activities of squalene and...
Zih-Rou Huang, Yin-Ku Lin, Jia-You Fang
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2009
→
Biological and pharmacological activities of squalene and related compounds: potential uses in cosmetic dermatology.
Huang ZR, Lin YK, Fang JY
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2009
→
Biological and pharmacological activities of squalene and related compounds: potential uses in cosmetic dermatology.
Huang ZR, Lin YK, Fang JY
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2009
→
Biological importance and applications of squalene and sq...
Se-Kwon Kim, Fatih Karadeniz
Advances in food and nutrition research, 2012
→
Biological importance and applications of squalene and sq...
Se-Kwon Kim, Fatih Karadeniz
Advances in food and nutrition research, 2012
→
Biological importance and applications of squalene and sq...
Se-Kwon Kim, Fatih Karadeniz
Advances in food and nutrition research, 2012
→
Biological importance and applications of squalene and squalane.
Kim SK, Karadeniz F
Advances in food and nutrition research, 2012
→
Verified Jun 2026
Data: PubChem · CosIng · EWG · CIR